After receiving his Masters of Science in Pure and Applied Plant Taxonomy and, subsequently, his PhD in Plants Systematics from the University of Reading, England, Professor Latiff returned to Malaysia in 1978, assuming the role of lecturer at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The university promoted him to Associate Professor in 1983 and to the position of full Professor in 1991 and was tasked to head the newly established Department of Botany.
Recognised for his administrative potential, Professor Latiff held leadership positions, including Deputy Dean and later Dean at the Faculty of Life Sciences, transitioning to the Faculty of Science and Technology in 1999, and ultimately serving as the Director of the Institute for Environment and Development until retirement.